Lo lus "herbicide" tsis yog hais txog paraquat; lawv nyob rau ntau pawg. Herbicides yog ib lo lus dav dav rau cov tshuaj tua kab uas siv los tshem tawm lossis cuam tshuam cov nroj tsuag loj hlob. Lawv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev nqis tes ua suav nrog ntau txoj hauv kev, suav nrog kev sib cuag, kab ke, thiab hom tshuaj hormonal, ua tiav lawv cov nroj tsuag - tua cov nyhuv los ntawm cuam tshuam nrog cov txheej txheem physiological xws li photosynthesis, cell division, lossis protein synthesis. Paraquat (lub npe tshuaj: 1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridine cationic herbicide) tsuas yog ib qho tshuaj tshwj xeeb ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob. Nws yog ib zaug siv dav vim nws txoj kev sib cuag sai sai thiab tsis xaiv qhov xwm txheej (muaj peev xwm tua cov nroj tsuag ntsuab feem ntau). Txawm li cas los xij, vim tias nws cov tshuaj lom neeg tsis zoo rau tib neeg (qhov koob tshuaj tuag qhov ncauj yog kwv yees li 5 ml) thiab tsis muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb, kuv lub teb chaws tau txwv tsis pub muag thiab siv cov tshuaj paraquat aqueous hauv xyoo 2016 thiab txwv tag nrho cov tshuaj paraquat soluble formulations hauv 2020. Tam sim no, tsuas yog ob peb yam kev txwv tshwj xeeb hauv kev siv ib qho tshwj xeeb.
Los ntawm txoj kev xav, niaj hnub tshuaj tua kab mob tau tsim rau hauv ib qho kev sib txawv ntawm cov khoom. Piv txwv li, glyphosate tua cov nroj tsuag los ntawm kev nqus dej los ntawm inhibiting cov synthesis ntawm aromatic amino acids hauv cov nroj tsuag; glufosinate-ammonium ua rau cell tuag los ntawm inhibiting glutamine synthase; thiab cov tshuaj hormone- hom tshuaj tua kab mob xws li 2,4-D ua rau kev loj hlob txawv txav los ntawm kev cuam tshuam cov nroj tsuag cov tshuaj hormones. Cov Cheebtsam no txawv heev nyob rau hauv toxicity, residual lub sij hawm, thiab siv cov qoob loo. Noj glufosinate-ammonium ua piv txwv, nws toxicity qis dua paraquat (qhov mob qhov ncauj LD50 hauv nas yog kwv yees li 2000 mg / kg, thaum paraquat yog 150 mg / kg), thiab nws yooj yim degraded hauv av, ua rau nws muaj kev nyab xeeb rau cov qoob loo tom ntej.
Hais txog daim ntawv thov scenarios, xaiv cov tshuaj tua kab mob yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo xav txog yam xws li hom qoob loo, hom nroj tsuag, thiab ib puag ncig. Piv txwv li, rau kev tswj cov nroj tsuag uas tsis yog- thaj av ua liaj ua teb, cov qauv uas muaj glufosinate tuaj yeem siv tau. Ib qho 200g / L formulation tuaj yeem kho thaj tsam li 200 square metres, ua tiav ntau dua 90% tswj kev ua tau zoo tiv thaiv cov nroj tsuag txhua xyoo. Rau kev tswj cov nroj tsuag hauv teb, xaiv cov tshuaj tua kab mob yuav tsum tau xaiv raws li cov qoob loo lub sij hawm loj hlob rhiab heev. Piv txwv li, hauv cornfields, kev sib xyaw ntawm nicosulfuron thiab atrazine tuaj yeem tswj tau cov nyom nyom, foxtail, thiab lwm yam nyom nyom. Cov txheej txheem kev lag luam (GB/T 31754-2015, "Cov Kev Xav Tau Rau Cov Tshuaj Txhuam Hniav") qhia meej tias cov tshuaj tua kab mob yuav tsum tau sau nrog cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb xws li cov khoom xyaw nquag, cov ntsiab lus, kev tsim kho, thaj tsam ntawm daim ntawv thov, thiab lub sijhawm kev nyab xeeb. Cov neeg siv yuav tsum nruj me ntsis xyuas cov ntawv sau thaum yuav cov tshuaj tua kab mob.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lwm txoj hauv kev rau paraquat tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam. Piv txwv li, qhov qis -toxicity diquat dichlorvos, los ntawm cov qauv molecular optimized, tswj kev sib cuag sai tua cov khoom thaum txo qhov ncauj toxicity rau 500mg / kg (rat), thiab txo qhov muag thiab tawv nqaij khaus. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj tua kab mob lom xws li bisphosphonate (ib qho chaw sib xyaw ua ke los ntawm Streptomyces) muaj cov ntawv thov dav dav hauv kev ua liaj ua teb organic vim lawv cov phooj ywg ib puag ncig.